Growing Tensions Between N & S
N- developed industry and commerce
S – economy relied on plantation farming
1846 Wilmot Proviso Outlaw slavery in any territory the US might acquire from the war with MX
Slave owners can’t take their slaves into free territory.
Never became law…but led to the creation of a political party:
The Free-Soil Party . a political party dedicated to stopping the expansion of slavery.
1849 – Pres. Taylor let CA to submit 4 statehood/ bypassed being a territory
S. slave holders didn’t have time to move to CA w/ slaves
Compromise of 1850 – Henry Clay
To make the North happy - CA came in as a free state and the slave trade was abolished in Washington, D.C.
To make the South happy - congress said they would make stricter laws regarding runaway slaves.
which led to the... Fugitive Slave Act
] Ppl accused of being fugitives could be held w/out an arrest warrant.
Southerners considered slaves to be property. The law required N. to help recapture runaway slaves. People could be fined or jailed who helped fugitives escape.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin – told details abt. Being a slave. Convinced lots of people slavery=bad
1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act
Popular sovereignty – allowed residents of territories to decide for themselves whether to have slavery or not
Proslavery and antislavery settlers rushed into Kansas Territory to vote for the territorial legislature.
5,000 Missourians came and voted in the election illegally.
1856 "Bleeding Kansas"
Fights broke out… over slavery.
1856 - Caning of Sumner Senator Sumner of MA delivered a speech attacking the proslavery forces in KS. He made fun of AP Butler a senator from SC.
Butler's relative (Preston Brooks) attacked Sumner with a cane, hitting more than 30 times, breaking his cane in the assault.
1857 Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott was a slave who was taken to free territory by his master. When his master died, he sued for his freedom.
Supreme Court ruled slaves were property and had no rights. They were not citizens of the U.S.
1859 - attack on Harpers Ferry John Brown - extreme abolitionist
planned to capture weapons in the U.S. arsenal at Harpers Ferry, VA. John Brown + 18 followers
Wanted to inspire slaves to fight for their freedom
Killed 4 people in the raid.
Captured along with 6 others.
Hung for murder and treason.
Republican party formed with opponents of slavery
Many blamed the violence in KS on the Democrats.
Lincoln and Douglas Debate
Lincoln challenged Douglas for his Senate seat.
L. argued only that slavery should not be expanded.
D. argued that popular sovereignty was the best way to address the issue.
Douglas won reelection- Lincoln won national recognition
Election of 1860 - Lincoln won. secede - withdraw
12/20, 1860 - S.C. became the first state to secede from the Union
During the next 6 wks. MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, TX joined SC.
Early Feb. 1861 the Confederate States of America was formed - Jefferson Davis - president.
Growing Tensions Between N & S
N- developed industry and commerce
S – economy relied on plantation farming
1846
Wilmot Proviso
Outlaw slavery in any territory the US might acquire from the war with MX
Slave owners can’t take their slaves into free territory.
Never became law…but led to the creation of a political party:
The Free-Soil Party . a political party dedicated to stopping the expansion of slavery.
1849 – Pres. Taylor let CA to submit 4 statehood/ bypassed being a territory
S. slave holders didn’t have time to move to CA w/ slaves
Compromise of 1850 – Henry Clay
To make the North happy - CA came in as a free state and the slave trade was abolished in Washington, D.C.
To make the South happy - congress said they would make stricter laws regarding runaway slaves.
which led to the...
Fugitive Slave Act
] Ppl accused of being fugitives could be held w/out an arrest warrant.
Southerners considered slaves to be property. The law required N. to help recapture runaway slaves. People could be fined or jailed who helped fugitives escape.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin – told details abt. Being a slave. Convinced lots of people slavery=bad
1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act
Popular sovereignty – allowed residents of territories to decide for themselves whether to have slavery or not
Proslavery and antislavery settlers rushed into Kansas Territory to vote for the territorial legislature.
5,000 Missourians came and voted in the election illegally.
1856 "Bleeding Kansas"
Fights broke out… over slavery.
1856 - Caning of Sumner
Senator Sumner of MA delivered a speech attacking the proslavery forces in KS. He made fun of AP Butler a senator from SC.
Butler's relative (Preston Brooks) attacked Sumner with a cane, hitting more than 30 times, breaking his cane in the assault.
1857
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott was a slave who was taken to free territory by his master. When his master died, he sued for his freedom.
Supreme Court ruled slaves were property and had no rights. They were not citizens of the U.S.
1859 - attack on Harpers Ferry
John Brown - extreme abolitionist
planned to capture weapons in the U.S. arsenal at Harpers Ferry, VA. John Brown + 18 followers
Wanted to inspire slaves to fight for their freedom
Killed 4 people in the raid.
Captured along with 6 others.
Hung for murder and treason.
Republican party formed with opponents of slavery
Many blamed the violence in KS on the Democrats.
Lincoln and Douglas Debate
Lincoln challenged Douglas for his Senate seat.
L. argued only that slavery should not be expanded.
D. argued that popular sovereignty was the best way to address the issue.
Douglas won reelection- Lincoln won national recognition
Election of 1860 - Lincoln won.
secede - withdraw
12/20, 1860 - S.C. became the first state to secede from the Union
During the next 6 wks. MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, TX joined SC.
Early Feb. 1861 the Confederate States of America was formed - Jefferson Davis - president.