Beginnings+of+the+Republic

  The Beginnings of the Republic [|…] Terms to know: Inaugurate – to be sworn in as president Cabinet –departments to help the president Tariff – tax on imported goods Neutral – not siding with one country or the other Foreign policy – relations with the governments of other countries States’ rights – theory led by Jefferson and Madison that states had the right to judge when the federal government had passed an unconstitutional law

U.S. starts in debt –$52 million Hamilton’s Financial Plan Washington’s cabinet- Secretary of War Secretary of State Secretary of Treasury – Alexander Hamilton Attorney General There are now about 17 members of the cabinet.
 * 1) pay off all war debts (France, Netherlands, Spain)
 * 2) raise government revenues
 * 3) create a national bank

Supreme Court – 1789 Federal Judiciary Act Gave S.C. 6 members Chief Justice and five associates Now: 9

First political parties: Federalists - believed in a strong national government Democratic-Republicans - wanted limited national government

__Whiskey Rebellion__ – W PA Farmers staged rebellion against tax on whiskey Washington sent the army to squash rebellion. Gave Federal Govt. more clout

__Battle of Fallen Timbers__ Washington believed peace = prosperity British still held forts N of the Ohio River – violation of Treaty of Paris Washington sent troops to Ohio valley Natives against US NW Territory – US defeated Shawnee, Ottawa and Chippewa – British didn’t help natives Site covered in trees that had fallen during a storm 12 tribes signed Treaty of Greenville – 1795 They agreed to cede (surrender) much of present-day Ohio and Indiana to the US government.

French Revolution – 1789 US remained neutral French began seizing US ships (300 in 1797) Ambassadors offered a bribe by French Agents (later known as XY and Z) Give France 10 million and pay minister a bribe of $250,000 Known XYZ Affair US said no, put more money into defense

1796 - John Adams elected. Alien and Sedition Acts targeted aliens. Said you had to live in US for 14 years before coming a citizen. Outlawed saying or writing anything harmful about the government. Democratic-Republicans did not like this. Said it went against the Constitution. Theory of states rights was developed - states had the right to judge when the federal govt. had passed an unconstitutional law.