Colonies

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Thought colonies would provide a market for English exports and serve as a source for raw materials =====

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Joint-stock companies – backed by investors (people who put money into a project to earn profits). =====

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charter – a written contract issued by a government giving the holder the right to establish a colony =====

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The company offered a 50-acre land grant for each man, woman or child who could pay his way to the colony. =====

The House of Burgesses passed laws to prevent a royal governor from assuming such power again.
Separatists - religious groups who wanted to purify/separate from the Church of England. Among them: Puritans and Pilgrims

Pilgrims - 100 sailed on the Mayflower for religious freedom Mayflower Compact - agreement to obey rules (1st example of self-governance in the new world) Named their colony: Plymouth

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Richard Hakluyt - English geographer - encouraged England to start a colony

mercantilism - state controls trade and attempts to transfer wealth from colonies to the parent country

Hakluyt although thought English colonies would help plant the Protestant faith in the Americas.

joint-stock company - back by investors, people who put money into a project to earn profits

charter - a written contract issued by a government giving the holder the right to establish a colony

1607 - the Virginia Company of London financed an expedition to Chesapeake Bay - included more than 100 colonists.

Named the first permanent English settlement: Jamestown, in honor of King James I hardships: disease, cold, Native Americans(Powhatan), no food

Many died from disease and starvation

Imagine you are a settler in the New World. What would you like to accomplish? What hardships might you face? What would you have brought with you from England to help you in the New World?

__The Pilgrims__ Separatists - didn't want to be a part of the Church of England or the Catholic Church 1st went to Holland Then asked the VA co. if they could settle in America as a "distinct body unto themselves" wanted religious freedom sailed on the Mayflower -landed N. of the lands of the VA co. landed in what they named Plymouth, MA Wrote the Mayflower Compact - a form of self government - emphasized the general good of the colony they also had a "starving time" - 1/2 died from disease and starvation Squanto - part of the Pawtuxets spoke English - helped the Pilgrims by teaching them how to plant, fish and hunt 1st Thanksgiving

__The Puritans__ Also a Separatist group Left England between 1630 - 1640 went to New England 20,000 cross the Atlantic - "Great Migration" They created the Massachusetts Bay Colony They came prepared! governor: John Winthrop commonwealth - a community in which people work together for the good of the whole town meetings - a form of self-government in which people made laws and other decisions for the community Only male church members were allowed to vote By law - everyone had to attend church "New England Way" : emphasized duty, godliness, hard work and honesty. Puritans thought that amusements (dancing, cards, etc.) would lead to laziness From 1630 to 1700 the colony grew to 93,000 people In 1700 William and Mary (king and queen of England) combined the two colonies into one: Massachusetts

__Challenges to Puritan Leaders__ Roger Williams - founded the first Baptist church in America didn't believe in forced church attendance General Court of Massachusetts Bay Colony forced him to leave the colony Went to Rhode Island guaranteed religious freedom and separation of church and state

Anne Hutchison believed a person could worship God without the help of a church held discussion in her home seen as a challenge to church authority forced to leave MA fled to Rhode Island

King Philip's War - 1675-76 fought because colonists were taken native's land "King Philip" - leader of Wampanoag He organized an alliance of tribes Natives lost the war, English settlers expanded even further into Native American land

Salem Witch Trials - late 1600's 20 killed - accused of being witches

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